Screw the masks and the pop cultural preoccupation with Subcommandante Marcos as a leader that he is really not. I´m over the iconography, and the mainstream loss of interest in Zapatista symbolism. Zapatismo is far more than any newspaper article I´ve ever skimmed or book I´ve ever read. It is an anti-capitalist movement that is doing exactly what it is saying it´s doing: building a community and a way of life that is autonomous from the state that hasn´t kept its many promises for many many years. My last week was spent attending the second encuentro (encounter) between the pueblos of the Zapatistas and the pueblos of the world. About 3,000 people from indigenous communities a few miles away to groups of people from 46 different countries converged on Chiapas, Mexico in one of several autonomous zones inhabited by the famous Zapatistas.
The Zapatistas are a group of indigenous Maya from Southern Mexico who in 1994 decided to say enough is enough and decided to take control of and occupy their lands and declare themselves autonomous from the Mexican government. The night that the occupation began, it was extremely cold in Chiapas so many of the Zapatistas were wearing face masks which were assumed, by the press, to be part of their uniform, and that point on they kept the masks as a symbolic representation of how the indigenous people have been hidden from view, and basically ignored by their colonizers for years. Conversely, wearing the black masks to cover their faces is a way for them to be seen, and has given the movement a mysticism, and an international appeal that can only be described as an odd mix of intimidation and infatuation. They hide by being seen and are seen by hiding. At the same time, one of the organizers of the movement, a Mexican university professor who goes by the name Subcommandante Marcos became the mouthpeice of the movement being perhaps the only one in it who has mastered the Spanish language. Most of the people in the territory speak only a little Spanish and their native Tsotsil, Tzeltal, Chol or Tojolabal. Marcos poetic and self-deprecating sense of humor and incredible talent for communicating beautifully the demands of the Zapatistas, along with long-time encrypted identity and husky voice hidden behind a black mask and an ever-smoking pipe have turned him into both a revolutionary and pop-culture and for some, an international sex symbol.
Since 1994, after the government failed to keep the promises it made in the peace negotiations, the Zapatistas have began constructing autonomous forms of government, health, education, and collective community works. They formed what are called the Juntas de Buen Gobierno, or the good governmenta board, a rotating board of community members that makes decisions in the community using complete consensus. They place the most emphasis on educating the children to be part of the community rather than preparing them to leave it and be better than it. They farm and produce food and collectively so that they can provide for themselves in a rejection of the "free" market economy that provides them with NO markets for their goods, nor a price that is high enough to make them worth growing. The Encuentro was essentially an opportunity for people to hear their words, learn how their communities function and for people to network and discuss ways to bring autonomy and self-organization to their own communities and to support the struggles of people in other places. The Zapatistas do not have an ideology, or a bible, or a doctrine which makes them different than all other historical left-wing revolutionary movements. They dream of a "world where many worlds can fit," and from this has emerged the Other Campaign, an international movement perpetuated by collectives of people who want to to try and build lives and communities where consumption of corporate goods and services are not the only way to be happy or the only way to survive. People doing things for themselves. No racist national government. No health care systems designed to make money instead of making people better. No corporate control of absolutely everything we do, see, and hear.
Now that the foundation has been built I can get down to describing the logistics. Katie and I left San Cristóbal on Sunday to Oventic, the first of the different forums for the Encuentro only to miss the Caravan of 3,000 people already headed to the next spot. Oventic is where we will be going to language school next week, and the first time that Katie and I had ever stepped foot into an autonomous municipality. We were both awestruck when we arrived at the front gate being guarded by an older, masked Zapatista woman (by the way, 60% of leadership positions are occupied by women...hell yea) who told us that the caravan had left. We decided to check with the vigilancia of the community to make sure they were ready for our arrival in a couple weeks. We showed them our letters of accreditation to attend the school, and after discovering that virtually no one in the community had any idea what we were talking about, we were given an audience with the Good Government Board. Three women, Three Men. 6 masks queitly staring at us as I try nervously to explain why after all the gringos have already left, we still remain in their community. They conferred quietly in Tsotsil amongst themselves while we looked around the colorfully painted walls at photos of Subcommandante, beautiful faces of children, and weird pendants of schools and universities ununiformly scattered around. After a while they said they would see us in a couple weeks, and Katie and I patiently filed out of the wooded room, trying to suspend shock and disbelief for the other side of the gate. That is not what I expected my first encounter with the people who are collectively actualizing my political and organizational dreams day in and day out to be like.
We left for Morelia, the sight of the next meeting, the next morning after finding three of my friends from Boston, Mike GW, Kelly and James, in San Cristóbal that evening who were also attending the Encuentro, and had just arrived from Oaxaca where they were covering the Guelaguetza marches in Oaxaca for Indymedia. (After about a four hour trip, we arrived at Morelia: an expansive sea of tents, tarp encampments, and tiny smoking wooden shacks swarming with people of all shapes, colors and sizes moving back and forth between their dusty homes away from home to the plenaries where panels of stoic, masked Zapatistas spoke about the functioning of the autonomous health, education, and government structures in their communites. We decided to show up at this thing during the rainy season with no tent so we rolled out our sleeping bag in a long open shack with a laminate, tin roof on a floor of some of the sharpest gravel I´ve ever encountered. Other´s strung hammocks from the beems, only to be awoken at 6am by the Zapatista alarm clock: extremely lound Mexican ranchero music being pumped over the loud speakers to rouse the beer-deprived revolutionaries from their 5 hours of tossing, turning and dodging rain intrusion. We are talking that music that when scanning through radio stations you hear and either skip immediately or jokingly dance to for a couple seconds as if you love it and are going to keep it there just to annoy whoever else is in the car. The exact same songs and music were played every night during the "Baila Popular" or the 20 minutes to 7 hours of dancing that would occur each night after the plenaries...the grassy, social meeting ground between the Zapatistas and the non-indigenous. I´ve grown to love and hate that bouncy tuba beat so thoroughly and so equally that I now remain only neutral and nostalgic.
The days were spent attending the plenaries, slamming plate-fulls of beans, rice and tortillas, and meeting incredible, wonderful, brilliant, friendly, unusual, extroardinary people that were always surrounding us on all sides. The bathrooms were wooden planks surrounded by trashbags with holes cut in the ground, and frequented by gringos who obviously had never squatted before. I learned how much more this movement was than just Marcos, but I also learned that despite the fact that he isn´t running the show, the Zapatistas still love him, and his presence or his anticipated presence would electrify the entire camp, and send people running to the stage to hear him. Truck fulls of EZLN soldiers arrived the afternoon of the day he came to speak in Morelia. That afternoon Katie and I had been wondering when he would make his appearance. We were sitting on the stage in between plenaries, when we were approaced by three adorable Zapatista boys who came to chat. They told us that they were going to do a sketch on stage with Marcos that night which we of course didn´t believe. After nightfall, there they were, with the Sup, on stage, where he told the camp a children´s story. My first time seeing the Sup was kindof anti-climactic. I was far away and their were tons of Zapatista babies all around crying really loud so I couldn´t really hear.
We were transferred last Thursday to the third meeting place of the Encuentro in La Realidad, a camp deep in the Lacandón Jungle for more popular dances, more plenaries on Zapatista community organization and more wonderful people. Katie and I met a journalist for Narco News who let us sit in and participate in his interviews with different leaders of peasant movements in India and Thailand. I also got to visit their clinic and learn a little bit about traditional and alternative medicinces the Zapatistas use. Perhaps the most memorable moment of the meeting was the second night that a Zapatista asked me to dance. His name was Juan Carlos and he was a teacher. I had been asked to dance by a tiny Zapatista the night before, but that time we just danced irratically to the ranchero music without a word. This time Juan Carlos and I chatted about our lives, and who we were. Why did this just seem so normal? I kept thinking to myself, the Zapatistas aren´t people that you make small talk with or dance with! They are the m*therf*ing Zapatistas! He asked me how old I was. 22 I said. He asked me to guess how old he was. I said, I can only see your eyes. He pulled up his mask so I could see his face. That simple eh. The Zapatistas would frequently walk around with their masks off or down but for some reason I was so startled by the unmasking that happened right before me. I asked him why sometimes he has it down and sometimes he pulls it up. He said because he gets sweaty. Oh. I asked him what he thought about all these people coming to see and learn about his community. He said, we also want to learn from you. You struggle and organize in the U.S. too. I wanted to say...hah, yea right. No we don´t. But that wasn´t true.
The last night of the Encuentro, the Sup came out again in the third meeting space. Katie and I and our new best most-wonderful friend Carwil and I were buying some juice on our way back from a quick dip in the river when we heard everyone saying that the Sup was in the Caracol (the camp) and they were closing down the store. We got back just as he and the other Commandantes had come on stage. He was there, pipe fuming, in the twilight, looking a little bit more portly than he did in the 90s. He talked about where the Zapatistas look when the world is asking them where they look when they decide to do the things they do. They look to the mountains to the east where they have buried their dead...where the moon comes up to complete its long slow kiss across the skin that is the night sky. Sigh. I thought he had left the Caracol when all the sudden I was gently pushed to the side by my friend James to make way for him and the other commanders who were walking right by us through the crowd.
I had realized where I was and what I was doing and why I was here, and how the amazing thing about the masks and Marcos are the moments when you see what is behind them...the faces and the people.
I´m back in San Cristóbal. I have that ever so familiar bowel ailment that I always seem to get once or twice when I come to Latin America. I´m decompressing, and processing and cooking, and dancing. I´m amazed.
This is my word,
Compañera Andrea